No Fourth Amendment Violation.

After a high speed chase, when the suspect’s car was flush against a patrol car, the suspect continued to accelerate and the officer fired three shots into the suspect’s car. Almost hitting an officer in the process, the suspect managed to drive away. Officers fired 12 more shots, striking the suspect and his passenger, who both died. The suspect’s minor child filed an excessive force action under 43 U.S.C. § 1983. The United States Supreme Court reversed the lower federal courts denial of qualified immunity to the officers, stating: “[T]he officers did not violate the Fourth Amendment. In the alternative, we conclude that the officers were entitled to qualified immunity because they violated no clearly established law.  (Plumhoff v. Rickard (U.S. Sup. Ct.; May 27, 2014) 134 S.Ct. 2012, [188 L.Ed.2d 1056].)